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Michael Pokrovski

добавлена новая статья Decision Making and Problem Solving
2026-06-09 05:14:36 -

What are cognitive biases?
What Are Cognitive Biases? The Invisible Patterns Behind Everyday Thinking A doctor reviews a patient's symptoms. An investor studies market data. A voter reads the latest headline. A manager evaluates a job candidate. All believe they are seeing reality as it is. And most of the time, they are wrong—not because they lack intelligence, expertise, or effort, but because the mind...

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Michael Pokrovski

добавлена новая статья Decision Making and Problem Solving
2026-06-08 20:33:55 -

What did behavioral economists discover?
What Did Behavioral Economists Discover? The Quiet Collapse of a Perfect Model For much of the twentieth century, economics was built on an elegant assumption: humans behave like rational agents. They gather information, process it consistently, and choose the option that maximizes utility. The model was not meant to describe people perfectly. It was meant to simplify reality. And for a...

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Michael Pokrovski

добавлена новая статья Decision Making and Problem Solving
2026-06-09 05:23:47 -

What does confirmation bias do?
What Does Confirmation Bias Do? The Quiet Reshaping of What We Think We Know A person reads a report about a controversial topic. Halfway through, they already feel certain about what it will conclude. As they continue reading, they notice details that support their view. Contradictory points feel less convincing, even when they are clearly stated. By the end, they feel more confident in...

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Michael Pokrovski

добавлена новая статья Decision Making and Problem Solving
2026-06-09 05:26:38 -

What is anchoring bias?
What Is Anchoring Bias? The First Number That Quietly Shapes Everything After A person is asked whether the population of a city is more or less than 5 million. Then they are asked to estimate the actual population. Most answers cluster around that initial figure, even when it is clearly arbitrary. If the first number had been 20 million instead, estimates would shift upward. Nothing...

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Michael Pokrovski

добавлена новая статья Decision Making and Problem Solving
2026-06-09 05:17:37 -

What is confirmation bias?
What Is Confirmation Bias? The Mind's Quiet Preference for Agreement Imagine two people reading the same article. They encounter the same facts. The same statistics. The same evidence. Yet they leave with opposite conclusions. One believes the article confirms what they already thought. The other reaches the same conclusion. Not because the evidence was balanced in their favor, but...

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Michael Pokrovski

добавлена новая статья Decision Making and Problem Solving
2026-06-09 05:32:59 -

What is hindsight bias?
What Is Hindsight Bias? The Illusion That the Past Was Predictable After an election result is announced, people say they “saw it coming.” After a stock market crash, they insist the signs were obvious. After a relationship ends, they feel they always knew it would not last. The event, once it occurs, seems almost inevitable. Yet before it happened, uncertainty was real. This...

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Michael Pokrovski

добавлена новая статья Decision Making and Problem Solving
2026-06-08 20:30:31 -

What is prospect theory?
What Is Prospect Theory? The Moment Where Economic Theory Meets Human Behavior A person is offered two choices: A guaranteed gain of $500 A 50% chance to gain $1,000, and a 50% chance to gain nothing Most people choose the guaranteed $500. Now reverse the framing: A guaranteed loss of $500 A 50% chance to lose $1,000, and a 50% chance to lose nothing Now most...

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Michael Pokrovski

добавлена новая статья Decision Making and Problem Solving
2026-06-09 05:20:21 -

What is the framing effect?
What Is the Framing Effect? The Same Reality, Two Different Minds A physician presents two versions of the same medical treatment. In one version, the treatment is described as having a 90% survival rate. In the other, it is described as having a 10% mortality rate. The statistical information is identical. The outcome is identical. Yet people respond differently. More patients choose...

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Michael Pokrovski

добавлена новая статья Decision Making and Problem Solving
2026-06-08 20:28:18 -

Who is Daniel Kahneman?
Who Is Daniel Kahneman? The Question Behind the Question Most biographies begin with a date, a place, a résumé of achievements. This one begins differently. A young soldier in the 1940s is tasked with evaluating whether his peers are suitable for leadership roles. He observes them briefly—sometimes for only a few minutes—and then writes down his impressions. He...

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Michael Pokrovski

добавлена новая статья Decision Making and Problem Solving
2026-06-08 20:54:09 -

Why did traditional economics fail to predict behavior?
Why Did Traditional Economics Fail to Predict Behavior? The Elegance That Met Reality Traditional economics was built with a certain kind of confidence. It assumed that individuals are rational, consistent, and stable in their preferences. It assumed that given enough information, people would choose the option that maximizes their utility. The model was elegant. Internally consistent....

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