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ADHD: Behavioural therapiesThere is good evidence for the use of behavioural therapies in ADHD. They are the recommended first-line treatment in those who have mild symptoms or who are preschool-aged. Psychological therapies used include: psychoeducational input, behavior therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, family therapy, school-based interventions, social skills training, behavioural...0 Commenti 0 condivisioni 11K Views 0 Anteprima
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ADHD: Brain structureThe left prefrontal cortex, shown here in blue, is often affected in ADHD.In children with ADHD, there is a general reduction of volume in certain brain structures, with a proportionally greater decrease in the volume in the left-sided prefrontal cortex.The posterior parietal cortex also shows thinning in individuals with ADHD compared to controls. Other brain structures in the...0 Commenti 0 condivisioni 13K Views 0 Anteprima
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ADHD: Comorbidities / Non-psychiatricSome non-psychiatric conditions are also comorbidities of ADHD. This includes epilepsy, a neurological condition characterised by recurrent seizures. There are well established associations between ADHD and obesity, asthma and sleep disorders, and an association with celiac disease. Children with ADHD have a higher risk for migraine headaches, but have no increased risk of tension-type...0 Commenti 0 condivisioni 12K Views 0 Anteprima
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ADHD: Comorbidities / TraumaADHD, trauma, and Adverse Childhood Experiences are also comorbid, which could in part be potentially explained by the similarity in presentation between different diagnoses. The symptoms of ADHD and PTSD can have significant behavioural overlap—in particular, motor restlessness, difficulty concentrating, distractibility, irritability/anger, emotional constriction or dysregulation, poor...0 Commenti 0 condivisioni 12K Views 0 Anteprima
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ADHD: ControversyADHD, its diagnosis, and its treatment have been controversial since the 1970s. The controversies involve clinicians, teachers, policymakers, parents, and the media. Positions range from the view that ADHD is within the normal range of behaviour to the hypothesis that ADHD is a genetic condition. Other areas of controversy include the use of stimulant medications in children, the method of...0 Commenti 0 condivisioni 11K Views 0 Anteprima
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ADHD: DiagnosisADHD is diagnosed by an assessment of a person's behavioural and mental development, including ruling out the effects of drugs, medications, and other medical or psychiatric problems as explanations for the symptoms. ADHD diagnosis often takes into account feedback from parents and teachers with most diagnoses begun after a teacher raises concerns. It may be viewed as the extreme end of one or...0 Commenti 0 condivisioni 15K Views 0 Anteprima
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ADHD: Diagnosis ClassificationAs with many other psychiatric disorders, a formal diagnosis should be made by a qualified professional based on a set number of criteria. In the United States, these criteria are defined by the American Psychiatric Association in the DSM. Based on the DSM-5 criteria published in 2013 and the DSM-5-TR criteria published in 2022, there are three presentations of ADHD: ADHD, predominantly...0 Commenti 0 condivisioni 12K Views 0 Anteprima
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ADHD: DietDietary modifications are not recommended as of 2019 by the American Academy of Pediatrics, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, or the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality due to insufficient evidence. A 2013 meta-analysis found less than a third of children with ADHD see some improvement in symptoms with free fatty acid supplementation or decreased eating of artificial...0 Commenti 0 condivisioni 12K Views 0 Anteprima
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ADHD: Differential diagnosisThe DSM provides potential differential diagnoses - potential alternate explanations for specific symptoms. Assessment and investigation of clinical history determines which is the most appropriate diagnosis. The DSM-5 suggests ODD, intermittent explosive disorder, and other neurodevelopmental disorders (such as stereotypic movement disorder and Tourette's disorder), in addition to specific...0 Commenti 0 condivisioni 12K Views 0 Anteprima
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Is procrastination a bad habit or a mental issue?Is Procrastination a Bad Habit or a Mental Issue? Procrastination sits in a grey area between behavior, cognition, and mental health. It is often casually labeled a “bad habit,” implying a simple pattern of poor discipline. At the same time, it is also strongly associated with anxiety, depression, ADHD, and other psychological conditions, which makes it feel closer to a...0 Commenti 0 condivisioni 473 Views 0 Anteprima
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