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Aggregate demand and aggregate supply curvesKey points Aggregate supply is the total quantity of output firms will produce and sell—in other words, the real GDP. The upward-sloping aggregate supply curve—also known as the short run aggregate supply curve—shows the positive relationship between price level and real GDP in the short run. The aggregate supply curve slopes up because...0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 19KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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Macroeconomic perspectives on demand and supplyKey points Keynes’ Law states that demand creates its own supply. Say’s law states that supply creates its own demand. Many mainstream economists take a Keynesian perspective—emphasizing the importance of aggregate demand—for the short run and a neoclassical perspective—emphasizing the importance of aggregate supply—for the...0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 14KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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Macroeconomic perspectives on demand and supplyKey points Keynes’ Law states that demand creates its own supply. Say’s law states that supply creates its own demand. Many mainstream economists take a Keynesian perspective—emphasizing the importance of aggregate demand—for the short run and a neoclassical perspective—emphasizing the importance of aggregate supply—for the...0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 12KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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Price elasticity of demand and price elasticity of supplyKey points Price elasticity measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded or supplied of a good to a change in its price. It is computed as the percentage change in quantity demanded—or supplied—divided by the percentage change in price. Elasticity can be described as elastic—or very responsive—unit elastic,...0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 13KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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Price elasticity of demand and price elasticity of supplyKey points Price elasticity measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded or supplied of a good to a change in its price. It is computed as the percentage change in quantity demanded—or supplied—divided by the percentage change in price. Elasticity can be described as elastic—or very responsive—unit elastic,...0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 11KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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Changes in equilibrium price and quantity: the four-step processKey points There is a four-step process that allows us to predict how an event will affect the equilibrium price and quantity using the supply and demand framework. Step one: draw a market model (a supply curve and a demand curve) representing the situation before the economic event took place. Step two: determine whether the economic event being analyzed affects demand...0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 22KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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Changes in equilibrium price and quantity: the four-step processKey points There is a four-step process that allows us to predict how an event will affect the equilibrium price and quantity using the supply and demand framework. Step one: draw a market model (a supply curve and a demand curve) representing the situation before the economic event took place. Step two: determine whether the economic event being analyzed affects demand...0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 20KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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Command-and-control regulationKey points Command-and-control regulation sets specific limits for pollution emissions and/or mandates that specific pollution-control technologies that must be used. Although such regulations have helped to protect the environment, they have three shortcomings: they provide no incentive for going beyond the limits they set; they offer limited flexibility on where and...0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 15KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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Command-and-control regulationKey points Command-and-control regulation sets specific limits for pollution emissions and/or mandates that specific pollution-control technologies that must be used. Although such regulations have helped to protect the environment, they have three shortcomings: they provide no incentive for going beyond the limits they set; they offer limited flexibility on where and...0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 16KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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Elasticity and tax revenueKey points Tax incidence is the manner in which the tax burden is divided between buyers and sellers. The tax incidence depends on the relative price elasticity of supply and demand. When supply is more elastic than demand, buyers bear most of the tax burden. When demand is more elastic than supply, producers bear most of the cost of the tax. Tax revenue is larger...0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 16KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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Elasticity and tax revenueKey points Tax incidence is the manner in which the tax burden is divided between buyers and sellers. The tax incidence depends on the relative price elasticity of supply and demand. When supply is more elastic than demand, buyers bear most of the tax burden. When demand is more elastic than supply, producers bear most of the cost of the tax. Tax revenue is larger...0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 17KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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Elasticity and tax revenueKey points Tax incidence is the manner in which the tax burden is divided between buyers and sellers. The tax incidence depends on the relative price elasticity of supply and demand. When supply is more elastic than demand, buyers bear most of the tax burden. When demand is more elastic than supply, producers bear most of the cost of the tax. Tax revenue is larger...0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 15KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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Elasticity in the long run and short runKey points In the market for goods and services, quantity supplied and quantity demanded are often relatively slow to react to changes in price in the short run, but they react more substantially in the long run. As a result, demand and supply often—but not always—tend to be relatively inelastic in the short run and relatively elastic in the long run....0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 13KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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Elasticity in the long run and short runKey points In the market for goods and services, quantity supplied and quantity demanded are often relatively slow to react to changes in price in the short run, but they react more substantially in the long run. As a result, demand and supply often—but not always—tend to be relatively inelastic in the short run and relatively elastic in the long run....0 Comentários 0 Compartilhamentos 12KB Visualizações 0 Anterior
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