Psychosis: Negative Symptoms [2]

0
11K

Psychosis is associated with ventral striatal (VS) which is the part of the brain that is involved with the desire to naturally satisfy the body's needs. When high reports of negative symptoms were recorded, there were significant irregularities in the left VS. Anhedonia, the inability to feel pleasure, is a commonly reported symptom in psychosis; experiences are present in most people with schizophrenia. Anhedonia arises as a result of the inability to feel motivation and drive towards both the desire to engage in as well as to complete tasks and goals. Previous research has indicated that a deficiency in the neural representation in regards to goals and the motivation to achieve them, has demonstrated that when a reward is not present, a strong reaction is noted in the ventral striatum; reinforcement learning is intact when contingencies about stimulus-reward are implicit, but not when they require explicit neural processing; reward prediction errors are what the actual reward is versus what the reward was predicted to be. In most cases positive prediction errors are considered an abnormal occurrence. A positive prediction error response occurs when there is an increased activation in a brain region, typically the striatum, in response to unexpected rewards. A negative prediction error response occurs when there is a decreased activation in a region when predicted rewards do not occur. Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) response, taken as an indicator of effort allocation, does not increase with reward or reward probability increase, and is associated with negative symptoms; deficits in Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (dlPFC) activity and failure to improve performance on cognitive tasks when offered monetary incentives are present; and dopamine mediated functions are abnormal.

Search
Categories
Read More
Marketing and Advertising
How Is AdSense Revenue Calculated?
One of the most confusing aspects of Google AdSense for beginners — and even intermediate...
By Dacey Rankins 2025-12-24 20:42:10 0 2K
Социальные проблемы
Мисс Маркс. Miss Marx. (2020)
Яркая, умная, страстная и свободолюбивая Элеонор была младшей дочерью Карла Маркса и одной из...
By Nikolai Pokryshkin 2022-10-12 21:01:06 0 24K
Personal Finance
Why Do I Have Different Credit Scores?
Why Do I Have Different Credit Scores? If you’ve ever checked your credit score from more...
By Leonard Pokrovski 2025-10-27 21:06:27 0 2K
Accounting
Collection of jokes about accountants and programmers
Collection of jokes about accountants and programmers Start the morning with a humorous...
By Leonard Pokrovski 2024-03-11 21:36:46 0 30K
Television
Parliament On Demand, Live TV, New Zealand.
Welcome to Parliament on Demand, the home of Parliament TV and all of New Zealand Parliament's...
By Nikolai Pokryshkin 2022-11-11 19:47:53 0 27K

BigMoney.VIP Powered by Hosting Pokrov