Psychosis: Negative Symptoms [2]

0
4KB

Psychosis is associated with ventral striatal (VS) which is the part of the brain that is involved with the desire to naturally satisfy the body's needs. When high reports of negative symptoms were recorded, there were significant irregularities in the left VS. Anhedonia, the inability to feel pleasure, is a commonly reported symptom in psychosis; experiences are present in most people with schizophrenia. Anhedonia arises as a result of the inability to feel motivation and drive towards both the desire to engage in as well as to complete tasks and goals. Previous research has indicated that a deficiency in the neural representation in regards to goals and the motivation to achieve them, has demonstrated that when a reward is not present, a strong reaction is noted in the ventral striatum; reinforcement learning is intact when contingencies about stimulus-reward are implicit, but not when they require explicit neural processing; reward prediction errors are what the actual reward is versus what the reward was predicted to be. In most cases positive prediction errors are considered an abnormal occurrence. A positive prediction error response occurs when there is an increased activation in a brain region, typically the striatum, in response to unexpected rewards. A negative prediction error response occurs when there is a decreased activation in a region when predicted rewards do not occur. Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) response, taken as an indicator of effort allocation, does not increase with reward or reward probability increase, and is associated with negative symptoms; deficits in Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (dlPFC) activity and failure to improve performance on cognitive tasks when offered monetary incentives are present; and dopamine mediated functions are abnormal.

Rechercher
Catégories
Lire la suite
Science Fiction and Fantasy
WALL·E (2008)
In the distant future, a small waste-collecting robot inadvertently embarks on a space journey...
Par Leonard Pokrovski 2022-12-15 20:28:27 0 11KB
Healthcare
Understanding the High Cost of American Healthcare
Introduction The United States is known for many things, but one of the most pressing issues...
Par Dacey Rankins 2024-10-07 17:29:24 0 9KB
Social Issues
The Deer Hunter. (1978)
An in-depth examination of the ways in which the Vietnam War impacts and disrupts the lives of...
Par Leonard Pokrovski 2023-03-31 19:52:57 0 20KB
Социальные проблемы
Аферистка. I Care a Lot. (2021)
Марла руководствуется принципом «побеждает сильнейший». Женщина организовала...
Par Nikolai Pokryshkin 2022-09-15 20:38:31 0 23KB
Asia
8 most mysterious places in Asia
Wat Rong Khun Temple, Thailand This is one of the strangest temples in Thailand. It was designed...
Par FWhoop Xelqua 2022-11-02 13:27:20 0 20KB
image/svg+xml


BigMoney.VIP Powered by Hosting Pokrov