Psychosis is associated with ventral striatal (VS) which is the part of the brain that is involved with the desire to naturally satisfy the body's needs. When high reports of negative symptoms were recorded, there were significant irregularities in the left VS. Anhedonia, the inability to feel pleasure, is a commonly reported symptom in psychosis; experiences are present in most people with schizophrenia. Anhedonia arises as a result of the inability to feel motivation and drive towards both the desire to engage in as well as to complete tasks and goals. Previous research has indicated that a deficiency in the neural representation in regards to goals and the motivation to achieve them, has demonstrated that when a reward is not present, a strong reaction is noted in the ventral striatum; reinforcement learning is intact when contingencies about stimulus-reward are implicit, but not when they require explicit neural processing; reward prediction errors are what the actual reward is versus what the reward was predicted to be. In most cases positive prediction errors are considered an abnormal occurrence. A positive prediction error response occurs when there is an increased activation in a brain region, typically the striatum, in response to unexpected rewards. A negative prediction error response occurs when there is a decreased activation in a region when predicted rewards do not occur. Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) response, taken as an indicator of effort allocation, does not increase with reward or reward probability increase, and is associated with negative symptoms; deficits in Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (dlPFC) activity and failure to improve performance on cognitive tasks when offered monetary incentives are present; and dopamine mediated functions are abnormal.
Αναζήτηση
Chart
Κατηγορίες
- Arts
- Business
- Computers
- Παιχνίδια
- Health
- Κεντρική Σελίδα
- Kids and Teens
- News
- Recreation
- Reference
- Regional
- Science
- Shopping
- Society
- Sports
- Бизнес
- Дом
- Досуг
- Здоровье
- Игры
- Искусство
- Источники информации
- Компьютеры
- Наука
- Новости и СМИ
- Общество
- Покупки
- Спорт
- Страны и регионы
- World
Διαβάζω περισσότερα
Kinder Joy
Kinder Joy (formerly known as Kinder Merendero in Italy and Bahrain) is a candy made by Italian...
Your guide to key tax terms
1. Gross and taxable income
Gross income is your total income over the course of the year....
Global Innovation Index 2022
According toWIPO's 2022 Global Innovation Index (GII) report, the world's most innovative...
Амадей. Amadeus. (1984)
1781 год. Антонио Сальери успешно справляется с обязанностями придворного композитора при...
The Terminator. (1984)
A human soldier is sent from 2029 to 1984 to stop an almost indestructible cyborg killing...