Psychosis: Negative Symptoms [2]

0
11K

Psychosis is associated with ventral striatal (VS) which is the part of the brain that is involved with the desire to naturally satisfy the body's needs. When high reports of negative symptoms were recorded, there were significant irregularities in the left VS. Anhedonia, the inability to feel pleasure, is a commonly reported symptom in psychosis; experiences are present in most people with schizophrenia. Anhedonia arises as a result of the inability to feel motivation and drive towards both the desire to engage in as well as to complete tasks and goals. Previous research has indicated that a deficiency in the neural representation in regards to goals and the motivation to achieve them, has demonstrated that when a reward is not present, a strong reaction is noted in the ventral striatum; reinforcement learning is intact when contingencies about stimulus-reward are implicit, but not when they require explicit neural processing; reward prediction errors are what the actual reward is versus what the reward was predicted to be. In most cases positive prediction errors are considered an abnormal occurrence. A positive prediction error response occurs when there is an increased activation in a brain region, typically the striatum, in response to unexpected rewards. A negative prediction error response occurs when there is a decreased activation in a region when predicted rewards do not occur. Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) response, taken as an indicator of effort allocation, does not increase with reward or reward probability increase, and is associated with negative symptoms; deficits in Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (dlPFC) activity and failure to improve performance on cognitive tasks when offered monetary incentives are present; and dopamine mediated functions are abnormal.

Search
Categories
Read More
Other
Silicon Cowboys. (2016)
Three friends dream up the Compaq portable computer at a Texas diner in 1981, and soon find...
By Leonard Pokrovski 2023-06-09 20:27:47 0 38K
Decision Making and Problem Solving
What are decision-making models?
The Architecture of the Map We walk through the world clutching maps. We are terrified of the...
By Michael Pokrovski 2026-06-27 14:52:16 0 461
Business
What Makes Mentoring and Coaching Relationships Effective?
Whether you're working with a mentor or a coach, the effectiveness of the relationship hinges on...
By Dacey Rankins 2025-07-09 14:35:24 0 8K
Motorcycles
The Thrill of Motorcycles: A Deep Dive into Riding Culture and Innovation
Motorcycles are more than just a mode of transportation; they represent freedom, adventure, and a...
By Dacey Rankins 2024-10-11 15:58:15 0 28K
Social Issues
Man on Wire (2008)
A look at tightrope walker Philippe Petit's daring, but illegal, high-wire routine performed...
By Leonard Pokrovski 2023-07-30 20:26:32 0 525K

BigMoney.VIP Powered by Hosting Pokrov