Psychosis: Negative Symptoms [2]

0
4K

Psychosis is associated with ventral striatal (VS) which is the part of the brain that is involved with the desire to naturally satisfy the body's needs. When high reports of negative symptoms were recorded, there were significant irregularities in the left VS. Anhedonia, the inability to feel pleasure, is a commonly reported symptom in psychosis; experiences are present in most people with schizophrenia. Anhedonia arises as a result of the inability to feel motivation and drive towards both the desire to engage in as well as to complete tasks and goals. Previous research has indicated that a deficiency in the neural representation in regards to goals and the motivation to achieve them, has demonstrated that when a reward is not present, a strong reaction is noted in the ventral striatum; reinforcement learning is intact when contingencies about stimulus-reward are implicit, but not when they require explicit neural processing; reward prediction errors are what the actual reward is versus what the reward was predicted to be. In most cases positive prediction errors are considered an abnormal occurrence. A positive prediction error response occurs when there is an increased activation in a brain region, typically the striatum, in response to unexpected rewards. A negative prediction error response occurs when there is a decreased activation in a region when predicted rewards do not occur. Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) response, taken as an indicator of effort allocation, does not increase with reward or reward probability increase, and is associated with negative symptoms; deficits in Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (dlPFC) activity and failure to improve performance on cognitive tasks when offered monetary incentives are present; and dopamine mediated functions are abnormal.

Site içinde arama yapın
Kategoriler
Read More
Products and Shopping
A Comprehensive Guide to Health Products: Enhancing Wellness Naturally
In today’s fast-paced world, where people are constantly juggling work, family, and social...
By Dacey Rankins 2024-11-22 14:50:52 0 3K
Жизненные вопросы
Корпорация монстров. Monsters, Inc. (2001)
Склизкий гад в сливном бачке, мохнатый зверь, похожий на чудовище из «Аленького...
By Nikolai Pokryshkin 2023-04-08 13:33:37 0 21K
Television
WHO TV live stream. Des Moines, Iowa, USA.
WHO-HD Channel 13, is a NBC affiliate TV channel based in Des Moines, Iowa. The channel started...
By Nikolai Pokryshkin 2022-11-01 07:25:19 0 20K
Programming
Python HTML Content
With Python, you can create a variable with only HTML. You can put it in a variable or just...
By Jesse Thomas 2023-02-10 21:36:34 0 5K
Recreation
The Art of Shopping as Recreation: Exploring the Joy Beyond Purchases
Shopping has transcended its utilitarian roots to become a leisure activity in its own right. No...
By Dacey Rankins 2024-06-03 18:24:16 0 10K
image/svg+xml


BigMoney.VIP Powered by Hosting Pokrov